Feasibility analysis of a multi-source complementary power supply for the Xinjiang geophysical station network

The power supplies for remote geophysical observation stations in Xinjiang primarily adopt a “photovoltaic+battery” model. However, photovoltaic power supplies are highly susceptible to diurnal and seasonal variations and extreme weather conditions, posing a risk of instantaneous power interruptions. This study analyzes the current “photovoltaic+battery” power supply status at Xinjiang’s geophysical observation stations, along with instrument power consumption and the distribution of wind and solar resources across the region. This study discusses the adoption of a multi-source complementary power supply strategy integrating “solar-wind hybrid+energy storage optimization+diesel generator backup” from three perspectives (technical feasibility, economic feasibility, and operational convenience) to ensure the stable and reliable operation of instruments at remote stations. The results indicate that the multi-source complementary power supply model can effectively overcome the limitations of a single photovoltaic energy source, significantly improving power supply continuity and stability for observation instruments during extreme weather events in remote areas of Xinjiang. It also reduces the frequency and difficulty of on-site maintenance, ensuring the continuity of observational data from these remote stations. Furthermore, this approach provides a technical reference for the construction or upgrading of power supply systems for geophysical observation station networks in similar environments across China, such as Qinghai, Xizang, and Inner Mongolia.