Feasibility analysis of multi-source complementary power supply for the Xinjiang geophysical station network

The power supply for most remote geophysical observation stations in Xinjiang primarily adopts a "photovoltaic + battery" model. However, photovoltaic power supply is highly susceptible to diurnal and seasonal variations as well as extreme weather conditions, posing a risk of instantaneous power interruptions. This study analyzes the current status of Xinjiang's geophysical observation stations utilizing the "photovoltaic + battery" power supply model, along with instrument power consumption and the distribution of wind and solar resources across the region. From three perspectives—technical feasibility, economic cost-effectiveness, and operational convenience—this paper discusses the adoption of a multi-source complementary power supply strategy integrating "solar-wind hybrid + energy storage optimization + diesel generator backup" to ensure the stable and reliable operation of instruments at remote stations. The results indicate that the multi-source complementary power supply model can effectively overcome the limitations of a single photovoltaic energy source, significantly enhancing the ability to maintain continuous and stable power supply for observation instruments during extreme weather events in remote areas of Xinjiang. It also reduces the frequency and difficulty of on-site maintenance, ensuring the continuity of observational data from these remote stations. Furthermore, this approach provides a technical reference for the construction or upgrading of power supply systems for geophysical observation station networks in similar environments across China, such as Qinghai, Tibet, and Inner Mongolia.