Abstract: On January 7, 2025, an M_S6.8 earthquake struck Dingri County in Shigatse City (Xizang Autonomous Region, China), damaging 27248 and collapsing 3612 houses. In this study, the seismic data recorded at Quxiazhen station in the north-south direction were selected and used to conduct a time-frequency response spectrum analysis. A two-story equivalent frame model was established for modeling the typical masonry houses in the disaster area. The structural damage curve was calculated, and the earthquake damage to the masonry structures was analyzed using the contour diagram of the time-frequency response spectrum of station. The time-frequency response spectrum generally exhibited an independent peak, the area of which was not large, and its destructive force on re-inforced concrete structures would not be large. The seismic wave records of station exhibited excellent high-frequency components. For masonry houses, serious damage would occur rapidly once the structural damage curve enters the peak area of the time-frequency response spectrum. Therefore, traditional houses in Xizang areas that do not have earthquake-resistant structural measures will suffer devastating damage. Given the frequency of earthquake activity in Xizang, in-depth research on the seismic mechanisms, disaster characteristics, and emergency response to earthquakes is of great significance for improving earthquake monitoring and forecasting, disaster prevention, and emergency rescue capabilities in the region.