Explore ways to guide all rural residents to participate in the popularization of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction
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摘要: 农村发生地震的概率大于城市，农村居民的防震减灾意识相对较低，受主客观因素影响，农村地区在地震中易因地震灾害造成财产损失和人员伤亡。基于对云南省大理州弥渡县的抽样调查，分析农村居民对防震减灾宣传的需求和其作为主体参与防震减灾科普宣传的意愿，探索农村居民全民参与防震减灾科普宣传的方式及途径。分析认为，在传统媒体与新兴媒体持续发力下，多数村民曾接触过地震知识，喜欢形式多样、实用性强、具有地方特色、获取知识简单快捷、通俗易懂的宣传方式；但受活动信息传递，村民的文化程度、职业、能力、兴趣、时间等因素影响，村民参与开展防震减灾科普宣传意愿不高，实现方式简单、激励性较强的参与方式相对受欢迎。通过增加参与收益、减少参与成本、畅通活动信息等方式，农村居民全民参与防震减灾科普宣传可逐步推进实现。Abstract: The probability of earthquake occurring in rural areas is greater than that in urban areas, and rural residents' awareness of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction is relatively low. Affected by subjective and objective factors, rural areas are prone to property losses and casualties due to earthquake disasters. Based on the sample survey of Midu County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, this paper analyzes the rural residents' demand for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction publicity and their willingness to participate in the popularization of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction science as the main body, and explores the ways and approaches for the rural residents to participate in the popularization of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction science. The analysis shows that under the continuous efforts of traditional media and emerging media, most villagers have been exposed to earthquake knowledge, and they prefer various forms, strong practicability, local characteristics, simple, quick and easy to understand the publicity methods of acquiring knowledge. However, due to the influence of activity information transmission, villagers' education level, occupation, ability, interest, time and other factors, villagers are not willing to participate in the popularization of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction science, and the simple way of implementation and strong incentive method are relatively popular. By increasing the benefits of participation, reducing the cost of participation, and facilitating the flow of information, the participation of all rural residents in the popularization of earthquake preparedness and disaster reduction can be gradually realized.
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图 1 农村受访者的年龄、文化程度、职业等基本情况
Figure 1. Rural respondents' age, education level, occupation and other basic information
图 2 受访农村居民获取地震知识的渠道
Figure 2. The channels for rural residents to acquire earthquake knowledge
图 3 受访农村居民喜欢的防震减灾科普宣传方式
Figure 3. The interviewed rural residents preferred the popularization of earthquake preparedness and disaster reduction
图 4 受访农村居民作为主体参与开展防震减灾科普宣传的意愿
Figure 4. The willingness of the surveyed rural residents to participate in the popularization of earthquake preparedness and disaster reduction as the main body
图 5 受访农村居民愿意参与开展防震减灾科普宣传的方式
Figure 5. The surveyed rural residents are willing to participate in the popularization of earthquake preparedness and disaster reduction
表 1 2011—2021年云南省大理州发生5级及以上地震统计表
Table 1. Dali prefecture in Yunnan Province in 2011—2021 grade 5 and above earthquake statistics
序号 发震地点 发震日期 震级 1 洱源县 2013-03-03 5.5 2 洱源县 2013-04-17 5.0 3 云龙县 2016-05-18 5.0 4 漾濞县 2017-03-27 5.1 5 漾濞县 2021-05-21 6.4 
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