Abstract: Haiti is a country with a relatively backward economy for a long time. The severe poverty situation has led to the vulnerability of the society to cope with disasters. On the one hand, the government cannot provide a large amount of funds to build shockproof and anti-seismic houses. On the other hand, it has not formulated building standards effectively, and there are no mandatory construction laws and regulations, which results in the lack of planning for building construction, the general lack of fortification of buildings, poor seismic performance and heavy losses after the earthquake. In 2010 and 2021, earthquakes of magnitude 7.3 occurred in Haiti respectively, and caused a large number of casualties. This paper analyzes and summarizes the emergency response and rescue capacity of the two earthquakes from three aspects: casualties caused by the two earthquakes, Haiti government emergency response and disaster relief effect, and assistance from international rescue organizations. The results showed that the international rescue forces have participated in the two earthquake disaster rescue, and the earthquake rescue in 2010 was a state of anarchy. The rescue activities were mainly carried out by international forces, supplemented by the Haitian government. The emergency response speed of the government has improved significantly in 2021, and the government played absolutely an leading role in disaster relief. The analysis and study of international rescue cases and international rescue forces can provide effective decision-making suggestions for the dispatch of China’s international rescue teams and foreign aid.