Preliminary correction of the macro epicenter，the direction of the earthquake influence field and the meizoseismal area based on aftershock analysis
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摘要: 在地震应急初期评估中，宏观震中、影响场方向和极震区的判断准确与否，直接影响评估结果的准确性和政府及有关部门的救援工作。本文收集甘肃及周边近几年MS6.5以上地震的12 h内余震序列、震源机制解信息和居民点等数据，通过分时间段进行余震质心计算、趋势回归、震源机制解分析等，对宏观震中位置、地震影响场方向、极震区范围等要素的修正方法进行了初步研究，为地震应急救援工作的快速开展提供依据。Abstract: In the initial assessment of earthquake emergency response, the accuracy of the judgment of the macro epicenter, direction of earthquake influence field, and the meizoseismal area directly affect the accuracy of the assessment results and the rescue work of the government and relevant departments. This paper collected aftershock sequence in 12 hours, focal mechanism solution and settlement information of MS6.5 and above earthquakes in Gansu Province and its surroundings in recent years. Through the calculation of aftershock centroids, trend regression, and focal mechanism, etc., the correction method of macro-epicenter location, the direction of earthquake influence field, and the range of meizoseismal area are preliminarily studied. It provides a basis for the rapid development of earthquake emergency rescue work.
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图 1 岷县漳县地震宏、微观震中与居民点分布图
Figure 1. Distribution of macro and micro epicentre and settlements of Minxian-Zhangxian earthquake
图 2 岷县漳县MS6.6地震12 h内余震一元线性回归拟合结果
Figure 2. One-variable linear regression fitting results of aftershocks within 12 hours of the Minxian-Zhangxian MS6.6 earthquake
图 3 四川九寨沟MS7.0地震12 h余震分布图
Figure 3. 12-hour aftershock distribution of the Jiuzhaigou MS7.0 earthquake in Sichuan
表 1 近年来甘肃及周边MS6.5以上地震宏观震中和微观震中及其差异
Table 1. Macro epicenters，micro epicenters and their deviation distances of recent MS6.5 earthquakes in Gansu and surrounding areas
地震时间
（年-月-日）地点 震级（M） 宏观震中 微观震中 偏离距离/km 经度/°E 纬度/°N 经度/°E 纬度/°N 2008-05-12 四川汶川 8.0 104.2 31.6 103.42 31.01 约110 2010-04-14 青海玉树 7.1 96.85 33.06 96.59 33.22 约30 2013-04-20 四川芦山 7.0 102.98 30.26 103.0 30.3 约5 2013-07-22 甘肃岷县漳县 6.6 104.13 34.55 104.2 34.5 约10 2017-08-08 四川九寨沟 7.0 103.843 33.217 103.82 33.2 约4 
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表 2 各震例12 h内余震质心与宏观震中距离
Table 2. The distance between the centroid of aftershocks and the macro-epicenter within 12 hours of each case
地震 余震判定 与宏观震中
距离/km时间段/h 经度/°E 纬度/°N 岷县漳县 2 104.20 34.54 8.4 4 104.20 34.54 7.4 6 104.19 34.54 7.3 8 104.20 34.54 7.4 10 104.20 34.54 7.3 12 104.19 34.54 7.3 玉树 2 97.01 33.03 17.7 4 97.01 33.01 19.0 6 97.03 33.01 20.7 8 97.03 33.00 21.4 10 97.04 32.99 21.9 12 97.04 32.99 22.4 汶川 2 103.73 31.31 61.3 4 103.70 31.33 63.0 6 103.83 31.44 45.3 8 103.72 31.37 59.7 10 103.72 31.36 59.8 12 103.70 31.35 62.0 九寨沟 2 103.81 33.23 2.9 4 103.82 33.22 2.5 6 103.82 33.22 2.6 8 103.82 33.22 2.3 10 103.82 33.22 1.9 12 103.82 33.22 2.0
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表 3 不同机构对岷县漳县MS6.6地震震源机制解的研究结果
Table 3. The research results of the focal mechanism solution of the Minxian-Zhangxian MS6.6 earthquake by different institutions
机构 节面Ⅰ 节面Ⅱ 震源
深度/km走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° 走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° IGPCEA 180 47 120 320 51 62 20 IGCEA 188.4 58.8 142 301.3 57.3 38 6 USGS 177 60 108 324 34 62 15 GSSB 195 54 149 305 65 40 13.5
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表 4 芦山MS7.0地震和九寨沟MS7.0地震长短轴及面积
Table 4. Long and short axes and area of the MS7.0 Lushan earthquake and the Jiuzhaigou MS7.0 earthquake
地震 烈度 长轴/km 短轴/km 面积/km2 芦山MS7.0
地震Ⅸ 23 11 208 Ⅷ 58 35 1418 Ⅶ 112 66 4029 Ⅵ 190 128 13027 九寨沟MS7.0
地震Ⅸ 18 10 139 Ⅷ 44 26 778 Ⅶ 90 61 3372 Ⅵ 185 130 14006
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