Simulated annealing for earthquake location
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摘要: 地震定位是地震监测、预测和其他地震学研究工作中最基础的工作之一,高效率和高精确度的地震定位工作对于地震预警工程等各项防震减灾工作的开展都具有重要的意义。本文通过模拟退火方法反演震中位置,并对模拟退火的温度、降温方式、扰动方式和收敛阈值等进行改变,分析各种参数对模拟退火法反演结果的影响。也对模拟退火法的优缺点进行了总结和分析。Abstract: Earthquake location is one of the most basic tasks of seismology research such as earthquake monitoring and earthquake prediction. Identification of earthquake location with high efficiency and accuracy is of great significance to the development of works of earthquake prevention and mitigation. In this paper, we invert the earthquake location by simulated annealing algorithm. And then, we change the initial temperature, temperature threshold, cooling-rate, convergence threshold, and disturbance mode respectively to find their influence on the result of simulated annealing algorithm. At last, we summarize and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of simulated annealing algorithm.
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表 1 山东地区速度模型参数表
Table 1. Parameter setting of seismic wave velocity model inShandong
P波速度/(km•s−1) S波速度/(km•s−1) 深度/km 上地壳 6.13 3.564 22 下地壳 6.88 3.909 33 地幔顶部 7.93 4.455 表 2 重庆地区速度模型参数表
Table 2. Parameter setting of seismic wave velocity model inChongqing
P波速度/(km•s−1) S波速度/(km•s−1) 深度/km 上地壳 6.0 3.5 33 下地壳 6.7 3.9 54 地幔顶部 8.1 4.7 表 3 河北地区速度模型参数表
Table 3. Parameter setting of seismic wave velocity model inHebei
P波速度/(km•s−1) S波速度/(km•s−1) 深度/km 上地壳 6.11 3.552 22 下地壳 6.60 3.815 35 地幔顶部 7.96 4.523 表 4 地震台站信息表(莱州ML3.3)
Table 4. Seismic station information(Laizhou ML3.3)
台站 经度/°E 纬度/°N 高程/km ZHY 119.8 36.7 61.0 LAY 120.3 37.3 171.2 LOK 120.7 36.9 85.1 LZH 120.5 37.5 162.2 WEF 120.0 37.1 155.0 HAH 119.1 36.7 50.0 JZH 118.9 37.1 19.6 ANQ 119.2 36.3 100.1 CHD 120.7 37.9 47.9 HAY 121.3 36.8 61.8 QID 120.3 36.0 19.9 表 5 地震台站信息表(武隆ML5.0)
Table 5. Seismic station information(Wulong ML5.0)
台站 经度/°E 纬度/°N 高程/km XNS 107.7 29.5 1823 WUL 107.8 29.1 330 XIT 108.2 29.1 325 LAX 108.1 29.0 701 LUJ 108.2 29.1 324 LOH 108.0 29.8 820 ANZ 108.4 29.1 464 FUL 107.4 29.7 695 GOT 108.3 28.9 676 QIJ 108.7 29.5 1050 SHG 107.8 30.1 910 HOP 108.3 28.7 703 CHS 107.2 29.9 350 SHZ 108.3 30.2 1552 SLO 106.8 29.3 590 WAS 106.9 28.8 488 表 6 地震台站信息表(唐山ML4.3)
Table 6. Seismic station information(Tangshan ML4.3)
台站 经度/°E 纬度/°N 高程/km ZHY 119.8 36.7 61.0 LAY 120.3 37.3 171.2 LOK 120.7 36.9 85.1 LZH 120.5 37.5 162.2 WEF 120.0 37.1 155.0 HAH 119.1 36.7 50.0 JZH 118.9 37.1 19.6 ANQ 119.2 36.3 100.1 CHD 120.7 37.9 47.9 HAY 121.3 36.8 61.8 QID 120.3 36.0 19.9 表 7 反演结果对比(莱州ML3.3)
Table 7. The real data and inverse data(Laizhou ML3.3)
经度/°E 纬度/°N 震源深度/km 迭代次数 与实际震中的距离差/km 模拟退火结果 120.351 37.304 12.6 979 0.3341 实测地震 120.033 37.100 13.5 表 8 反演结果对比(武隆ML5.0)
Table 8. The real data and inverse data(Wulong ML5.0)
经度/°E 纬度/°N 震源深度/km 迭代次数 与实际震中的距离差/km 模拟退火结果 107.351 30.104 6.60 1125 0.6631 实测地震 107.980 29.412 4.84 表 9 反演结果对比(唐山ML4.3)
Table 9. The real data and inverse data(Tangshan ML4.3)
经度/°E 纬度/°N 震源深度/km 迭代次数 与实际震中的距离差/km 模拟退火结果 118.230 39.680 7.7 919 0.1215 实测地震 118.351 39.704 6.0 表 10 改变初始温度T反演结果对比分析
Table 10. The inverse results after changing T
T 经度/°E 纬度/°N 震源
深度/km迭代
次数与实际震中的
距离差/km500 120.066 37.101 11.4 679 0.0330 200 120.211 37.231 20.6 516 0.1898 100 119.754 37.552 31.8 454 0.3586 10 119.267 37.414 33.9 338 0.7816 1 119.142 37.625 41.6 219 0.9279 表 11 改变降温速度反演结果对比分析
Table 11. The inverse results after changing cooling rate
降温
速度经度/°E 纬度/°N 震源
深度/km迭代
次数与实际震中的
距离差/km0.90 121.057 35.985 49.7 109 1.1703 0.98 119.862 37.605 23.2 564 0.3046 0.989 120.066 37.203 17.9 996 0.0612 表 12 改变收敛阈值反演结果对比分析
Table 12. The inverse results after changing convergence threshold
收敛阈值 经度/°E 纬度/°N 震源
深度/km迭代
次数与实际震中的
距离差/km$ {1\times \mathrm{e}}^{-1} $ 121.230 36.165 67.0 431 1.2883 $ {1\times \mathrm{e}}^{-5} $ 119.467 36.637 31.0 657 0.6108 $ {1\times \mathrm{e}}^{-10} $ 120.476 36.918 19.3 786 0.4524 $ {1\times \mathrm{e}}^{-15} $ 120.091 37.115 11.3 928 0.0585 表 13 改变温度阈值反演结果对比分析
Table 13. The inverse results after changing temperature threshold
$ {T}_{\mathrm{m}} $ 经度/°E 纬度/°N 震源
深度/km迭代
次数与实际震中的
距离差/km10 121.150 37.678 44.0 314 1.1551 1 119.678 36.809 30.8 529 0.3834 0.1 119.710 37.579 22.3 445 0.4016 0.01 119.878 37.251 15.3 656 0.1724 0.001 119.927 37.068 12.7 877 0.1072 表 14 改变扰动方式反演结果对比分析
Table 14. The inverse results after changing disturbance mode
扰动
方式经度/°E 纬度/°N 震源
深度/km迭代
次数与实际震中的
距离差/km① 119.654 41.053 25.4 456 2.0030 ② 120.001 37.182 12.3 456 0.0520 ③ 119.984 37.223 18.6 456 0.0786 ④ 119.982 37.207 14.7 456 0.0739 -
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