The birthplace of Chinese modern earthquake science is Xujiahui Shanghai
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摘要: 1873年7月,法国传教士在上海徐家汇建成一座天文台。1904年1月22日,天文台开始地震观测,接着又陆续编辑出版地震观测报告、地震观测年报、地震记录等专集刊物。华人神父黄伯禄时任江南教区主教秘书,他应天文台测震主管之请,于1906—1909年间,编成中文《地震稿》8册;后又将其翻译成法文《中国重大地震目录》两卷,第1卷于1909年11月出版,第2卷于1913年10月出版,出版者同为徐家汇土山湾印书馆。这是中国学者编辑的第一部地理地震专著,第1卷列出了19个省所辖府、州、厅、县的地震年表;第2卷列出了按公历日期顺序编排的全国地震年表,并附有一幅全国地震城市分布图和139幅受震地点分布图以及一篇研究中国地震活动周期的学术论文。《中国重大地震目录》对翁文灏博士的地震研究多有启发,后来翁博士又选派李善邦到徐家汇天文台学习测震技术,李善邦学成归来,主持了北平鹫峰地震台。称上海徐家汇为中国近代地震科学的发源地,名正言顺,名副其实。Abstract: On Jul. 1873, French missionaries built an observatory in Xujiahui Shanghai. On Jan. 22nd 1904, the observatory began to observe the earthquakes and published many reports, annuals and records. Chinese priest Pierre Hoang (Huang Bolu) was the bishop’s secretary in Jiangnan parish. Invited by the director of Xujiahui observatory, he edited 8 volumes of Chinese version “the Earthquakes” from 1906 to 1909. Later he translated it into French version with 2 columns and named “the Catalog of Earthquakes Reported in China” . The first column was published on Nov. 1909 by Xujiahui Tushanwan Press and the second column on Oct. 1913. This is the first Chinese geography and earthquake monograph edited by a Chinese scholar. In the first column, there are chronological earthquake records of 19 province territories including Fu, Zhou, Ting and County. In the second column, there are national chronological earthquake records in gregorian order, attached by a national earthquake city distribution map, distribution map of 139 earthquake locations and an academic report of Chinese earthquake activities cycle.“The Catalog of Earthquakes Reported in China” gave Dr. Weng Wenhao much inspiration, and later he sent Li Shanbang to Xujiahui observatory to learn seismic technology. After that, Li Shanbang took charge of Peking Jiufeng Seismic Station. Xujiahui Shanghai deserved the title of birthplace of Chinese modern earthquake science.
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Key words:
- Xujiahui observatory /
- seismometry /
- modern earthquake science /
- the birthplace
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图 3 中国地震局监测预报司编, 《中国早期地震台历史地震图鉴第一卷》 :上海徐家汇地震台(1904—1948) [2]
[测震工作人员中注①的法国人为田国柱,注②的意大利人为龙相齐]
Figure 3. Edited by Department of Earthquake Monitoring and Prediction,China Earthquake Administration 《Historical Seismogram of Early Earthquake Stations in China Vol.1》:Shanghai Xujiahui seismic station(1904—1948) [2]
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