Abstract: Based on the analysis of the 39-year water level dynamic trend of groundwater in well Yu-01, combined with the investigation of the surrounding observation environment and the analysis of the recharge and discharge of groundwater in the aquifer of well Yu-01, it is concluded that the main factors causing the steep trend decline of water level in well Yu-01 since 2006 are the large-scale exploitation and utilization of groundwater, followed by coal mining and drainage, and the removal of earthquake precursor anomalies.