Mantle hydration and the role of water in the generation of large igneous provinces
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摘要: 大火成岩省的形成受控于多种因素，包括异常的地幔温度、易熔饱满组分的存在、地幔源中的挥发分和减压的程度。在一个具体大火成岩省中，所有的因素缺少完整的检验导致了地幔柱模型存在争议。这里，我们报道了估算的来自中国西南峨眉山大火成岩省的辉石中水的含量。尽管这些辉石表现出类岛弧的水含量（达到3.4%），微量元素特征并不支持俯冲带的设定但是指示了深处地幔的含水储层。结合之前的研究，我们提出含水的热地幔在显生宙偶尔出现制造了大陆大火成岩省（例如：塔里木、西伯利亚圈闭和卡鲁）。地幔柱形成深处地幔含水储层的广泛例子表明，地球内部大范围水化。
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图 2 科马提岩，LIPs和OIBs源区的水含量，H2O/Ce比和估计的最大地幔潜在温度的比较。（a）源区中水含量由原始岩浆中水含量计算而来（科马提岩和LIPs的数据来源与图1中的相同），假定部分熔融程度和水在地幔岩（橄榄岩或辉石岩）和岩浆中的分配系数。（b）请参阅补充文件以获取H2O/Ce比率计算的详细信息。（c）所有的Tp已经对水的影响进行了校正，参见方法中的计算和补充数据3。太古宙-元古宙界线和平均MORB地幔的Tp范围来自于文献[6,34]。所有的误差线代表2个标准偏差。Gorgona科马提岩和Tortugal苦橄岩来自加勒比大火成岩省（CLIP）；西伯利亚AR苦橄岩，Ayan河苦橄岩，Gd苦橄岩，Gudchikhinsky苦橄岩；SLC，夏威夷盐湖火山口的辉石岩捕虏体，数据来自Bizimis和Peslier[38]。夏威夷和其他OIB源区的含水量和H2O/Ce比率来自于Bizimis和Peslier[38]及其中的文献。基于Herzberg等[40]，对水的影响进行校正后，夏威夷和其他OIBs的Tp来自Herzberg[4]。CRB为哥伦比亚河玄武岩，SRPB为蛇河平原玄武岩
图 3 大火成岩省和科马提岩的H2O/Ce和原始岩浆中辉石岩源熔体比例之间的相互关系。Xpx值的计算基于橄榄石斑晶的Fe/Mn比率。Xpx和H2O/Ce的误差线分别代表一个和两个标准偏差。对全球MORB和夏威夷辉石岩捕虏体（SCL）[38]的H2O/Ce比率也进行了比较。辉石岩来源的熔体H2O/Ce比率与辉石源相当，如果部分熔融程度大于10%，达到了地幔柱范围。绿色方框表示来自深部地幔不饱满但含水储存体的潜在熔体，地幔过渡带（mantle transition zone，MTZ）橄榄岩或俯冲蛇纹石化橄榄岩的H2O/Ce。夏威夷苦橄岩和MORB的Xpx用Sobolev等[20]的数据计算而来。关于Xpx和H2O/Ce的计算，参见补充数据3。请注意，某些样品的H2O/Ce的误差线小于符号的大小。Gd表示Gudchikhinsky；SRP表示蛇河平原
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