Abstract:
Based on continuous recording data from seismic stations within Hulunbuir City from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2024, this study employs the Welch averaged periodogram method to determine the power spectral density (PSD) of noise at each station. Using the Parseval theorem integration method, the root-mean-square (RMS) values of ground-motion velocity are calculated for the microseismic band (0.1–1.0 Hz) and the cultural noise band (1.0–20 Hz). These values are then used to classify noise level trends and analyze spatiotemporal variation characteristics. The results show that, Except for the Hujirinuoer (HJN) station, where data gaps occurred due to instrument malfunction during the period from August 15 to September 22, 2023, the PSD values of all other stations fall within the reasonable range defined by the global standard noise models (NLNM/NHNM). In the microseismic band (0.1–1.0 Hz), the RMS values exhibit a consistent seasonal pattern across all stations, with higher values in winter and lower values in summer, and a ratio difference of approximately 2 to 3 times. For the cultural noise band (1.0–20 Hz), the stations are ranked by RMS variation levels as follows: Level 1 (low-noise stations): Moerdaogao (MDG), Chuoer (CHR), and Genhe (GNH); Level 2 (moderate-noise stations): Hailaer (HLR), Xinyouqi (XIQ), Zhalantun (ZLT), and Najitun (NJT); Level 3 (relatively high-noise station): Manzhouli (MZL), Hujirinuoer (HJN).