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ISSN 2096-7780 CN 10-1665/P

地震低频电磁扰动监测仪的研制

Development of low-frequency electromagnetic disturbance monitor for seismic observation

  • 摘要: 电磁扰动是一种有效的地震前兆观测手段。感应式磁力仪作为捕捉电磁扰动的关键设备,具有灵敏度高、动态范围大、频带范围宽的特点,得到广泛应用。然而,各类仪器频带不同,观测频段不一致,使用的范围也不同,能满足地震低频电磁扰动观测需求的仪器较少。本文通过对自主研制的感应式磁传感器和通用数据采集器集成设计,组成地震低频电磁扰动监测仪观测系统。首先阐述了电磁扰动监测仪的系统组成,介绍了传感器的工作原理、灵敏度、一致性和噪声水平的测试方法和结果,结合电磁扰动监测仪在电磁台站安装调试情况和观测运行资料,对观测数据进行了分析研究。结果表明,磁传感器的灵敏度优于50 mV/nT(0.01~10 Hz),一致性测试的相关系数均大于0.95,噪声水平测试可达0.15 pT/√Hz@1 Hz,其性能参数可以满足地震电磁扰动观测技术要求,日常观测可以清晰记录到各种电磁扰动事件,验证了其用于台站观测的可行性。

     

    Abstract: Electromagnetic disturbance is an effective means of observing earthquake precursors. As one kind of key device for capturing electromagnetic disturbances, induction magnetometers are widely used with the characteristics of high sensitivity, large dynamic range and wide frequency band. However, various instruments have different frequency bands, inconsistent observation frequency bands, and different usage fields. There are few instruments that meet the needs of observing low-frequency electromagnetic disturbances for seismic stations. In this paper, an observation system for earthquake low-frequency electromagnetic disturbance monitor is composed of integrating the self-developed inductive magnetic sensors and data acquisition system. Firstly, the system composition of the electromagnetic disturbance monitor was explained. The working principle of the sensor, the test methods and results of sensitivity, consistency and noise were then introduced. Combined with the installation and observation of the electromagnetic disturbance monitor at seismic stations, the observation data were finally analyzed and studied. The results show that the performance of the electromagnetic disturbance monitor is in compliance with related technical requirements. The sensitivity of the magnetic sensor is better than 50 mV/nT (0.01~10 Hz). The correlation coefficient are all greater than 0.95. The noise can reach 0.15 pT/√Hz@1 Hz in the test. Various electromagnetic disturbance events can be clearly captured in the daily observations, which verifies the feasibility of the developed electromagnetic disturbance monitor for station observation.

     

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