Abstract: Based on Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS remote sensing images and the latest fault zone vector data, this paper analyzes and studies the characteristics of the regional fault zone and land surface temperature changes in the Xing’an League region. For the accuracy of land surface temperature inversion, the maximum likelihood classification algorithm is used to classify the surface objects, and then the radiative transfer equation algorithm is used to classify and retrieve the land surface temperature. The surface temperature inversion image and the fault zone structure image are superimposed on the same layer, and the average surface temperature and the average distance in each isozonal zone are calculated by using the method of equal interval segmented mean division, the change characteristics of surface temperature field in fault structure are shown by graph, and the relationship between fault zone and surface temperature field is further described by correlation curve. Finally, the remote sensing image data of the same month and different years are used to verify the results. The results show that the farther away the fault zone is from the Xing’an zone, the lower the surface temperature is, on the contrary, the closer the fault zone is, the higher the temperature.