Comparative analysis on the operation of general stations of Shaanxi earthquake intensity quick report and early warning system
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摘要: 陕西地震烈度速报与预警系统共1000个一般站，包含国家项目485个和省级项目515个，均在2021年9月底完成了台站基础建设及仪器设备安装，并将数据传回陕西地震预警中心。试运行期间，基本符合中国地震局一般站试运行的技术要求。鉴于两个项目的组网方式、设备选型、安装场地不同，本文统计2021年11月—2022年2月共4个月项目运行率、数据延迟等数据，针对两个项目一般站运行的组网方式、运行率、通讯情况进行对比分析发现，国家一般站较之省级一般站运行率稳定但延时较大，台站密集区域延时会增大，国家和省级一般站均不能满足小于等于2 s的通讯延时。考虑到在未来的地震监测效能提升工程中，可能将一般站加密部署到省内全部乡镇街道。本文工作可为未来一般站建设组网模式等方面，形成具有一定参考价值的运行数据支撑，针对通讯延时、设备安装等方面提供一定建议。Abstract: Shaanxi earthquake intensity quick report and early warning system has a total of 1000 general stations, including 485 national projects and 515 provincial projects. The station infrastructure construction and instrument equipment installation were completed at the end of September 2021, and the data were sent back to Shaanxi Earthquake Early Warning Center. During the trial operation period, it basically met the technical requirements of the trial operation of general stations of China Earthquake Administration. In view of the different networking modes, equipment selection and installation sites of the two projects, this paper counted the project operation rate, data delay and other data for a total of four months from November 2021 to February 2022. Based on the comparative analysis of the networking modes, operation rate and communication conditions of the general stations of the two projects, it is found that the operation rate of the national general stations is more stable than the provincial general stations, but the delay time is larger. The delay time in the dense area of stations increased. The national and provincial general stations cannot meet the communication delay of less than or equal to 2 s. Considering that in the future earthquake monitoring efficiency improvement project, general stations may be encrypted and deployed to all township streets in the province. This work can form a certain reference value of operation data supporting for the construction of networking mode of general stations in the future, and give some suggestions for communication delay, equipment installation, etc.
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Key words:
- operation rate /
- delay time /
- networking mode
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图 1 陕西省地震烈度速报与预警系统一般站分布图
Figure 1. Distribution of general stations of Shaanxi earthquake intensity quick report and early warning system
图 2 国家一般站数据传输框图
Figure 2. Data transmission block diagram of national general stations
图 3 省级一般站数据传输框图
Figure 3. Data transmission block diagram of provincial general stations
图 4 国家和省级4个月月平均运行率对比图
Figure 4. Comparison chart of four months average operation rate between the country and the province
图 5 4个月不同延时标准下的站点个数百分比图
Figure 5. Comparison diagram of percentage of stations under different delay time standards in four months
表 1 一般站按照厂家划分表
Table 1. Classification of general stations by manufacturers
序号 地市 国家一般站/个 省级一般站/个 国家一般站设备类型数量 省级一般站设备类型数量 珠海泰德/个 瑞祺皓迪/个 珠海泰德/个 东立博远/个 1 西安 128 0 64 64 0 0 2 宝鸡 72 0 36 36 0 0 3 汉中 25 113 13 12 113 0 4 铜川 17 2 9 8 2 0 5 咸阳 95 20 47 48 20 0 6 渭南 112 0 56 56 0 0 7 商洛 13 65 6 7 22 43 8 延安 13 76 6 7 76 0 9 榆林 10 127 5 5 127 0 10 安康 0 112 0 0 0 112 合计 1000 485 515 242 243 360 155 
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表 2 月平均运行率≤95%站点个数及其百分比
Table 2. Number and percentage of stations with monthly average operation rate ≤95%
月份 国家/个 百分比/% 省级/个 百分比/% 2021-11 52 10.72 102 19.81 2021-12 50 10.31 133 25.83 2022-01 35 7.21 84 35.73 2022-02 60 12.37 44 8.54
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表 3 各地市月平均运行率≤95%站点个数统计表
Table 3. Statistics of number of stations with monthly average operation rate ≤95% in various cities
地市 2021-11 2021-12 2022-01 2022-02 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 西安 20 0 17 0 15 0 14 0 铜川 1 0 2 1 2 2 1 0 宝鸡 4 0 3 0 2 0 9 0 咸阳 7 2 9 13 6 1 15 0 渭南 11 0 8 0 5 0 15 0 汉中 7 26 3 21 1 14 2 8 商洛 1 15 5 23 1 11 2 9 延安 1 12 2 26 2 16 1 8 榆林 0 34 1 31 1 20 1 8 安康 0 13 0 18 0 20 0 11 合计 52 102 50 133 35 84 60 44
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表 4 不同延时标准下的站点个数及其百分比
Table 4. Number and percentage of stations under different delay time standards
月份 延时/s 国家（485） 百分比/% 省级
（515）百分比/% 2021-11 ≤1 171 35.26 288 55.92 ≤2 398 82.06 438 85.05 ≤5 411 84.74 462 89.71 ≤10 416 85.77 471 91.46 ≤60 429 88.45 488 94.76 2021-12 ≤1 154 31.75 253 49.13 ≤2 401 82.68 445 86.41 ≤5 423 87.22 474 92.04 ≤10 425 87.63 481 93.40 ≤60 432 89.07 494 95.92 2022-01 ≤1 157 32.37 225 43.69 ≤2 400 82.47 450 87.38 ≤5 413 85.15 476 92.43 ≤10 420 86.60 483 93.79 ≤60 428 88.25 489 94.95 2022-02 ≤1 155 31.96 263 51.07 ≤2 412 84.95 453 87.96 ≤5 419 86.39 472 91.65 ≤10 421 86.80 478 92.82 ≤60 425 87.63 498 96.70
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表 5 不同延时标准下的各地市站点个数统计表
Table 5. Statistics of number of stations in different cities under different delay time standards
地市 2021-11 2021-12 ≤1 s ≤2 s ≤5 s ≤10 s ≤60 s ≤1 s ≤2 s ≤5 s ≤10 s ≤60 s 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 西安 45 0 90 0 96 0 100 0 104 0 44 0 101 0 106 0 107 0 109 0 铜川 9 2 15 2 15 2 15 2 16 2 9 1 14 1 14 1 14 1 15 1 宝鸡 23 0 62 0 62 0 62 0 62 0 20 0 60 0 63 0 63 0 63 0 咸阳 28 9 77 16 80 17 81 19 84 20 25 11 73 17 81 19 81 19 83 20 渭南 39 0 104 0 104 0 104 0 109 0 35 0 106 0 107 0 107 0 108 0 汉中 9 67 20 96 22 101 22 101 22 104 8 68 20 98 21 105 22 107 22 109 商洛 6 44 11 63 11 64 11 64 11 65 4 31 9 62 9 65 9 65 10 65 延安 8 24 10 52 11 59 11 63 11 70 7 29 11 57 12 60 12 62 12 66 榆林 4 64 9 101 10 109 10 111 10 115 2 61 7 105 10 113 10 116 10 121 安康 0 78 0 108 0 110 0 111 0 112 0 52 0 105 0 111 0 111 0 112 合计 171 288 398 438 411 462 416 471 429 488 154 253 401 445 423 474 425 481 432 494 地市 2022-01 2022-02 ≤1 s ≤2 s ≤5 s ≤10 s ≤60 s ≤1 s ≤2 s ≤5 s ≤10 s ≤60 s 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 国家 省级 西安 40 0 99 0 103 0 105 0 108 0 42 0 97 0 99 0 99 0 100 0 铜川 7 1 14 2 14 2 14 2 15 2 7 1 14 2 14 2 14 2 15 2 宝鸡 22 0 62 0 63 0 65 0 65 0 21 0 61 0 61 0 61 0 61 0 咸阳 28 7 76 18 80 20 80 20 80 20 28 11 81 19 83 19 84 20 84 20 渭南 35 0 105 0 105 0 107 0 108 0 32 0 106 0 107 0 107 0 108 0 汉中 10 49 16 94 17 101 17 103 19 106 10 56 21 83 22 88 23 103 23 106 商洛 5 35 11 62 11 65 11 65 11 65 5 34 11 63 11 64 11 65 11 65 延安 7 19 10 60 11 66 12 67 13 68 6 22 11 61 12 68 12 67 13 70 榆林 3 57 7 106 9 111 9 114 9 116 4 62 10 114 10 119 10 114 10 123 安康 0 57 0 108 0 111 0 112 0 112 0 77 0 111 0 112 0 112 0 112 合计 157 225 400 450 413 476 420 483 428 489 155 263 412 453 419 472 421 478 425 498
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