基于向量扫描法的微地震震级确定方法

冯彦军; 梁北援

doi:10.19987/j.dzkxjz.2022-072

基于向量扫描法的微地震震级确定方法

doi: 10.19987/j.dzkxjz.2022-072

冯彦军^1,,
梁北援^2, ,

1.
中煤科工开采研究院有限公司，北京 100013
2.
GeoImage LLC，CA 94118，USA

详细信息

作者简介:
冯彦军（1980–），副研究员，主要从事煤矿井下煤岩体水力压裂技术研究及应用。E-mail：fengyjchn@gmail.com

通讯作者:
梁北援（1952–），GeoImage LLC技术总监，主要从事微地震监测的理论和方法的研究。E-mail：bjjywd@126.com

中图分类号: P315.3
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- 文章访问数: 64
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- PDF下载量: 16
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-04
- 录用日期: 2022-07-07
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-13

A method to estimate the microseismic magnitude based on vector scanning

Feng Yanjun^1
,,
Liang Beiyuan^{2
, ,}

1.
China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Co. Ltd., Beijing 100013, China
2.
GeoImage LLC, CA 94118, USA

摘要

摘要: 对地震记录中显著可视事件震级的确定，已有如里氏震级、矩震级、不同定义的震级之间的关联、震级与能量之间的关系等成熟方法。然而，由于微地震事件记录常淹没在背景噪声中，无法实施包括确定震级在内的传统定位。为比较不同类型不同地域的微震大小、研究微震机制及诱发原因、使用其安全预警等，我们外延里氏震级到微震范畴，定义了等效里氏微震震级：根据微破裂向量扫描输出的无量纲能量或最小信噪比，估计一定时空中单位时间单位台站所接收的在时空目标一点上的等效能量和震级。文中列出了目前我们在微震监测中发现的几类微震的大小规模。
- 微地震 /
- 里氏震级 /
- 微震监测 /
- 向量扫描 /
- 信噪比
Abstract: The magnitude of a seismic event can be estimated by measuring seismic energy, seismic moment, and relationship between the energy and seismic magnitude (M), etc. However, it is impossible to traditionally locate a microseismic event, including determining its magnitude, because its records are submerged in the background noise in most of cases. Comparing the microseismic magnitudes at different regions and with different causes, studying their mechanisms, we first extend the definition of the Richter magnitude to the microseismic range. Then, based on the scanning output of the minimum ratio of signal-to-noise in the available vector processing for microseismic monitoring, we estimate their equivalent Richter magnitude. The microseismic magnitudes induced by different causes are compared.
- microseismic /
- Richter magnitude /
- microseismic monitoring /
- vector processing /
- signal-to-noise ratio

HTML全文

表 1 基于公式（7）的能量E与震级M（M=[−3, 3]）的数值关系

Table 1. Numerical relationship between energy E and magnitude M in a range of [−3, 3] based on formula (7)

震级	能量/J	E/E₀	相应参考
3.0	2 000 000 000	31 700
2.5	350 000 000	5 560
2.0	63 000 000	1 000	数千米内，人有感
1.5	11 000 000	175
1.0	2 000 000	31.7
0.5	350 000	5.56
0.0	63 000	1.00	数千米内，检波器显著有感
−0.5	11 000	0.175	步枪
−1.0	2 000	0.031 7
−1.5	350	0.005 56	手枪
−2.0	63	0.001 00
−2.5	11	0.000 175	气枪
−3.0	2	0.000 031 7
注：E₀为M=0的能量。此表的最右一列也参考了文献[9]和[11]

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表 2 由式（7）和平均能量得到的几种不同类别的微震等效能级平均震级

Table 2. Equivalent Richter magnitudes of some available microseismic styles from formula (7) and average energy

微震类别	平均能量/J	等效里氏震级
微震类别	平均能量/J	最小	最大	平均
煤矿采空区垮塌诱发	2 670	−3.3	−0.2	−0.9
煤矿采空区垮塌诱发（顶板几十米岩体事先压裂过）	1 380	−2.7	0.1	−1.1
油井注热水预处理	18	−2.1	−1.5	−1.8
煤矿顶板压裂	13	−3.2	−1.8	−2.5
油井压裂	10	−3.7	−1.8	−2.8

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