Overview of worldwide earthquake disasters in 2021
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摘要: 利用多渠道收集到的地震灾害资料,对2021年全球地震活动及地震灾害进行了整理,绘制了21世纪前20年全球灾害地震频度与伤亡情况变化曲线及2021年灾害地震分布图,汇总了造成人员伤亡的地震信息及灾害情况,对重大地震灾害做了详细分析,并总结了2021年全球地震灾害的主要特征。与往年地震情况相比,2021年全球地震活动性较强,尤其8级以上强震发生频次大幅增加;2021年地震灾害造成的伤亡有所增加,且灾害地震呈现频度高、伤亡集中、次生灾害频发等特征。针对地震频度高、伤亡原因突出的情况,本文提出了相应的地震灾害预防措施及建议, 强调未来地震防御工作至关重要。Abstract: Based on the earthquake disaster data collected by various routes, this paper sorts out the global seismic activity and disasters in 2021. Variation curves of global disaster earthquake frequency with casualties in this century at the beginning twenty years and distribution map of hazard earthquakes in 2021 were plotted. And the earthquake information and disaster situation of earthquakes with casualties were described. Correspondingly, the major earthquake disasters were analyzed in detail, and the main characteristics of global earthquake disasters in 2021 were summarized. Compared with the previous earthquake, it is found that the seismicity is strong in 2021, especially to the occurrence rate of earthquakes with magnitude 8 and above. In 2021, the number of casualties caused by earthquake increased, and disaster earthquakes were characterized by high frequency, concentrated casualties, and frequent secondary disasters. According to the situation of high earthquake frequency and prominent causes of casualties, this paper puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions for earthquake disaster prevention, which emphasizes the importance of earthquake prevention work for the future.
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Key words:
- 2021 /
- global earthquake /
- disaster situation /
- preventive measures
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表 1 2021年全球有人员死亡的灾害地震一览表
Table 1. List of global earthquake disasters with death in 2021
发震时刻(UTC) 纬度 经度 震源深度
/km震级
(M)参考地点 灾情辑要 年-月-日
T时:分:秒2021-01-14 T18:28:18 2.972°S 118.890°E 18 6.2 印度尼西亚 108人死亡,3369人受伤,地震引发了山体滑坡,造成了大量人员伤亡和道路堵塞,很多酒店和医院倒塌 2021-02-03 T08:25:38 3.004°S 118.931°E 10 4.9 印度尼西亚 1人死亡,地震造成轻微破坏 2021-02-12 T17:01:35 38.136°N 73.545°E 98 5.9 塔吉克斯坦 1人死亡,5人受伤,几栋建筑受损 2021-02-13 T14:07:49 37.727°N 141.775°E 44 7.1 日本 1人死亡,185人受伤,80万房屋电力中断,地震导致建筑物和主要高速公路受损 2021-03-01 T22:57:40 6.204°N 76.254°W 10 5.1 哥伦比亚 3人死亡,6人受伤,许多房屋受损或倒塌,地震引发山体滑坡 2021-03-03 T10:16:09 39.755°N 22.176°E 8 6.3 希腊 1人死亡,11人受伤,百余栋房屋和建筑受损,包括多所教堂遭到破坏 2021-03-20 T09:09:43 38.452°N 141.648°E 43 7.0 日本 11人死亡,地震造成轻微破坏,发布了海啸预警 2021-03-23 T21:14:18 41.818°N 81.162°E 10 5.3 新疆 3人死亡,65栋房屋受损 2021-04-10 T07:00:15 8.571°S 112.505°E 67 6.0 印度尼西亚 10人死亡,104人受伤,地震造成包括医院在内的一千余栋建筑受损 2021-04-28 T02:21:26 26.781°N 92.457°E 34 6.0 印度 2人死亡,12人受伤,地震造成一定程度的破坏,一些建筑物受损,部分墙体倒塌 2021-05-21 T13:48:37 25.727°N 100.008°E 9 6.1 云南 3人死亡,32人受伤,一些建筑物倒塌,多人被埋 2021-06-10 T08:54:17 3.100°S 28.275°E 10 5.0 刚果民主共和国 2人死亡,3人受伤,许多老式房屋倒塌,导致多人被埋 2021-06-23 T02:54:18 12.707°S 76.721°W 50 5.9 秘鲁 1人死亡,20人受伤,一些房屋倒塌 2021-07-10 T02:14:42 38.915°N 70.561°E 12 5.7 塔吉克斯坦 5人死亡,30人受伤,至少20栋房屋受损 2021-07-26 T12:09:06 0.768°S 121.908°E 11 6.3 印度尼西亚 1人死亡,2栋房屋受损严重,1所学校和3个礼拜场所也遭到破坏 2021-08-11 T17:46:13 6.475°N 126.715°E 55 7.1 菲律宾 1人死亡,发布了海啸预警 2021-08-14 T12:29:08 18.434°N 73.482°W 10 7.2 海地 2248人死亡,12763人受伤,329人失踪,地震造成了巨大破坏,近13.8万栋建筑物完全损毁 2021-08-26 T02:14:22 0.839°S 121.530°E 8 5.7 印度尼西亚 1人死亡,39人受伤,297栋房屋遭到破坏 2021-09-08 T01:47:47 16.947°N 99.753°W 20 7.0 墨西哥 13人死亡,23人受伤,包括房屋、学校、办公楼在内的8700栋建筑物损毁,地震引发了山体滑坡 2021-09-15 T20:33:31 29.194°N 105.365°E 7 5.4 四川 3人死亡,146人受伤,29000栋房屋受损,7800栋房屋倒塌 2021-09-27 T06:17:21 35.244°N 25.270°E 6 6.0 希腊 1人死亡,35人受伤,超过5000栋建筑受损,并引发山体滑坡,一处小村庄除2栋建筑外均已损毁 2021-10-06 T22:01:08 30.193°N 67.995°E 9 5.9 巴基斯坦 27人死亡,300人受伤,15人失踪,大约70栋建筑倒塌,部分人被埋 2021-10-15 T23:17:27 4.920°S 102.979°E 59 5.0 印度尼西亚 3人死亡,73人受伤,地震引发山体滑坡,至少70间房屋倒塌,数百栋建筑受损 2021-11-14 T12:07:03 27.716°N 56.074°E 9 6.0 伊朗 2人死亡,98人受伤,一些房屋损毁,地震引发山体滑坡 2021-11-28 T10:52:14 4.453°S 76.811°W 126 7.5 秘鲁 12人死亡,136人受伤,秘鲁约有2592座建筑倒塌,其中包括7座教堂,一辆公共汽车因山体滑坡而坠毁,造成了大量人员伤亡,用泥土和石头建造的房屋大多数受损 2021-12-14 T03:20:24 7.630°S 122.231°E 16 7.3 印度尼西亚 1人死亡,7人受伤,地震造成至少346间房屋受损,3座校舍、2座清真寺、2个礼拜场所和1个村办也遭到破坏,地震引发一场小型海啸 -
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