Research on disaster convergence and decision-making service technology of full-time earthquake emergency
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摘要:
针对震前灾情难以预估，震后灾情获取缓慢且碎片化，灾情评估误差较大，决策支持不到位，灾情服务缺位等科学问题，综合考虑震前应急准备和灾后应急处置场景，重点研究全时程灾情与决策信息获取和分析手段，震后灾情信息实时汇聚与融合技术，震后基于致死性和易损性相结合的损失综合分析技术，不同区域辅助决策支持要点，面向多用户灾情信息服务产品可视化生成技术，建立灾情推送与信息准实时服务平台及终端，构建基于云架构的智能化、可视化地震应急信息全流程服务平台，开展应急协同服务示范，实现7级以上大地震灾情信息全时程服务。该项目将丰富地震灾情信息获取手段，形成涵盖灾情收集、信息速报、监测预警、分析评估、智能协同和动态发布等地震应急全过程技术平台，提升地震应急信息服务能力，对快速、科学施救具有重要意义。
Abstract:In view of the scientific problems such as the difficulty of predicting the disaster before the earthquake, the slow and fragmented acquisition of disaster information after the earthquake, the large error of disaster assessment, the lack of decision support and the absence of disaster services, considering comprehensively pre-earthquake emergency preparedness and post-earthquake emergency response scenarios, this research focuses on the information acquisition and analysis methods of full-time disaster and decision-making, real-time convergence and fusion technology of disaster after earthquake, post-earthquake loss comprehensive analysis technique based on the combination of lethality and vulnerability, key points of assistant decision support for different regions, visualization generation technology for multi-user disaster information service product, establishing a disaster situation push and information quasi-real-time service platform and terminals, constructing the intelligent and visual earthquake emergency information whole process service platform based on cloud architecture, and carrying out emergency collaborative service demonstration, to realize the full-time service of disaster information for large earthquakes with magnitude above 7. The project enriches the means of obtaining earthquake disaster information and forms a technical platform of the whole process of earthquake emergency response, including disaster collection, information flash, monitoring and early warning, analysis and evaluation, intelligent coordination and dynamic release. It is of great significance to improve the ability of earthquake emergency information service for quick and scientific rescue.
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Key words:
- earthquake emergency /
- disaster convergence /
- decision-making service
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图 2 芦山M4.0以上地震震源机制CAP结果
Figure 2. The earthquake mechanism CAP results of earthquakes above M4.0 in Lushan
图 3 新疆伽师地震的地震动强度图
Figure 3. Ground motion intensity of the Jiashi earthquake in Xinjiang
图 5 地震应急协同技术平台的设计与实现技术路线图
Figure 5. Technical roadmap for design and implementation of earthquake emergency coordination technology platform
图 6 基于云技术的地震应急产品及信息服务平台系统功能模块设计图
Figure 6. Hierarchical design of earthquake emergency products and information service platform based on cloud technology
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